Space crafts, an orbital vehicle
in the space for research, communication, transportation etc. Depending upon
the purpose there are three types of space crafts classified as:
- · Crewed space craft
- · Space planes
- · Unmanned space crafts
With
constant progress in astronomy, Crewed Space Crafts is an important project all
around the globe. On the occasion of Independence Day, our beloved Prime
Minister announced our first Crewed mission by ISRO: Gangayaan,
India’s first manned Space Mission.
It started in 2006,
which took couple of years to finalize the design. This will be a Crewed Space craft
with 3 people on-board. The journey is
planned for the duration for 7 days to reach the orbit and safely return to the
Earth. While the testing is in process, it will have two test flights, in
December 2020 and June 2022 respectively. The final crewed flight is expected
to take off by December 2022, thus marking India the 4th Nation in
the world to send crewed Space crafts after Russia, USA and China.
This 3.7 tons spacecraft
having 16 minutes of liftoff time will be taking off from Sriharikota and will
be into the orbit 300 to 400 Kilometer above the earth surface. Such an excitement!
Well sending a
spacecraft isn’t everything about how to develop and launch. While sending a
human force, there are different parameters that need to be taken care off like
the environment control, life support, emergency escape etc. Different areas of
engineering including aeronautics, mechanics, communication, information
technology, thermal, electrical, etc. are involved marking a multi-functional
project.
It includes Attitude Determination and Control for the altitudes control, the
Telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) used for communication between spacecraft and
the ground systems. Communication on board Spacecrafts takes place using
radio antennas which is known as satellite communication while few
spacecraft communicate using lasers. Also it has different Source for Power Generation and Propulsion
for the thrust.
No wonder why rocket
science is associated with the most difficult tasks around the world!
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